Forgive me but this part of the open source and foss confuses me. If you code and release an open source and free piece of software like say, a robust video player such as VLC, how is that dev being paid?
Because in my eyes (I’m not too privy to FOSS ins and outs)
I’m basically getting your software for free of no charge, it IS free as in free beer cos you’re not asking ME to pay it for so who is paying YOU?
Does it come via donations or wealthy corporations like Red Hat and Microsoft pay or fund open sourced projects that is given to the hard working developers of that OSS/FOSS project?
If your only aspiration for creation and improving the world is making money, you are a waste of a human.
Most open source projects will have a donation page / link, so it relies on people feeling compelled to donate because the software provided is useful to them.
Lemmy for example has options for financially supporting its development. Some Lemmy instances also feature a link to a donation page to cover the hosting costs.
Some have an organisation behind it, like Firefox has the Mozilla Foundation to finance it.
The team behind VLC has a “for profit” branch that adapts the video software for companies, allowing them to also finance VLC’s development in addition to donations.
The Firefox example is actually the reverse, Firefox funds the Mozilla Foundation. This is a case of an open source project successfully monetising through search referrals (mostly from Google).
Oh wow thanks for the correction, I’ll edit my comment
Some of Lemmy development is/was paid by foundation funding.
Would “Freelance” be a good word for it?
I think consulting would be a better word
I contribute and run some open source projects. Some projects receive sponsorships and contributions, some are backed by companies, a lot are just someone doing it on their own time, very few can actually meaningfully support the people working on them. Personally, I receive no money for mine.
Likewise, I run/host/contribute to several public projects and typically get $0 unless someone feels like throwing $20 my way. Happens very rarely, though. I feel like most FOSS projects started like this, where the devs are just trying to “scratch thier own itch”.
Had someone buy me a dinner once
Or maybe they just repurposed the gift card, I don’t know. But I enoyed the dinner all the same!
Lucky!! A free dinner is a free dinner, I wouldn’t complain 😁
When I was doing a lot of custom ROMs on xda I had some guy supply a new phone to me to further develop on - this happened twice. It’s nice when it happens but it’s not why I was building ROMs
Like others have mentioned, there are various options (donations/sponsorships/grants) that larger projects will generally have some of, but for smaller projects (99% of what’s out there, by project count if not usage), the answer is simply “it isn’t.” It’s done as a hobby, as a resume booster, or with the hope of eventually becoming big enough to hit one of those revenue streams.
Loads of donations for one. You ought to donate to some of your favourites too!
Lots of OSS is created by people who want to create something, and happily gives it away to others too.
The problem is when others start depending, and demanding, work from that person. There is no good solution to that problem at the moment.
I’d assume it’s mostly donations
It all starts out with people who make stuff for free, and sometimes they receive donations. There are also non-profit grants that can fund a few months here or there. Money is pooled in organisations, and those organisations pay out project members.
Most of Linux development is done by companies like Red Hat, Intel, AMD, Canonical, you name it. Plenty of volunteers, but not enough to make projects like these. There are also projects by big companies like Twitter and Facebook that get open sourced because it’ll get them goodwill and free patches from the community. Facebook is developing React regardless of its license so they may as well share it.
Smaller projects are just hobby projects most of the time. It’s “free” as in “mattress”, in that you should think twice before adding it, and don’t even think you’re entitled to help or free work.
Sometimes that goes wrong, like when left-pad got pulled, or when colors.jb pushed an update in protest, and billion dollar companies could suddenly no longer update their software because they used the free stuff Some Guy put out in their critical build chain. Or, as xkcd accuratelt depicted it: https://xkcd.com/2347/
Our small company paid a prominent (of that specific driver) open source driver writer for prioritisation of some work more than once. All the code was GPL.
I know it’s only one data point but it’s one way.
Either by salary by hiring an engineer for a company, by issuance of grant, or by issuance of funds from donations via 1099 or similar.
Core developer of an open source software suite here. We make money by doing the following things:
- We offer a free and open source community package that has the basics. However, we offer a number of professional packages that we offer yearly subscriptions for.
- We host our software. We charge by the number of active users.
- Custom development.
- Paid support like migrations or troubleshooting. Also helping external developers develop custom modules.
This allows us enough income to develop the community part of the software.
Correct but also worth mentioning that most projects and people don’t reach any meaningful scale to generate income or even pay self running costs.
I don’t think most people havr money as a goal when they come up with an idea and start an open source project. It’s more likely they want to try a new tech or are just passionate about the idea. Like entrepreneurs, but not capitalistic.
Like start up unicorns, it’s a small percentage that gets to grow to epic propositions.
Ways open source projects get paid for:
- people do it as a hobby and don’t get paid
- people rely on donations
- government funded software projects are usually open source
- software created in an academic setting is usually released as open source (this often overlaps with government funding, but not always). Many important open source projects started in academia. Many open source licenses were initially written by academia for those projects (BSD was created by UC Berkeley, and the MIT license was created by MIT).
- Sometimes companies have a business model that doesn’t involve selling software, and they don’t really benefit from having that software be proprietary. They may open source their software because it gets other people to use it, and by extension gets people to buy their paid products. For example, there are some free, open source software projects by Nvidia, but you would need to buy one of their graphics cards to take advantage of it.
- Dual licensing. One strategy is to release your code as open source but under a copyleft license so it isn’t business-friendly. When a business wants to use it, they pay for a proprietary-licensed copy instead of using the open source copyleft version.
My company hired at least one open source guy. The original code is internal to our company and he’s allowed work time to maintain it
That’s impressive. Is it still licensed under a libre copyleft license? Surely that’s too good to be true.
Yes, the company does not own the license, theoretically has the same rights as anyone. And the source is replicated to externally
From my perspective, it was really annoying to discover. I’m going through everything with scanners, trying to get tools and languages up to date and mitigate known vulnerabilities, but he did not want to bring his code up to date. I get that the company doesn’t own it, but I’m giving you company time to get your stuff up to date.
I think usually it’s just about costing the competitors money to try and fuck them. That’s the payment. 3ds max is priced unfairly and it’s unreasonable, that’s why Blender exists. Autodesk bought eagle cad, made it cost money, that’s why KiCad got made. I take pride in supporting open source everything in protest of how enshittified the world has become. It harms those corporations when more people use open source which is a cause I can get behind.
FOSS is free, OSS doesn’t have to be. Very often open source software, of which the commercial fork is being maintained by a company, that company will profit from businesses using the software. Idk about VLC but Moodle, for instance, is open source and updates for it are based on a subscription model.
The license agreement for OSS will often state that you are free to use it in your own home, but if you start commercially using the software, they expect you to pay. Some open source projects can get resold by service providers this way to handle deployment of updates, provide support, et cetera.
The f in foss is for free as in libre, not price. And I imagine it is used to avoid touching the topic of open source software vs libre software. So saying you can make money from one and not the other doesn’t make sense.
In my experience, the term FOSS as in FLOSS is only (incorrectly, as you pointed out) used for software that is free if charge.
But you are correct, the term says nothing about the pricing, they only say something about the licensing form.
